Toxic Foods and Plants for Dogs and Cats: What You Need to Know

As pet owners, we do everything we can to keep our dogs and cats safe and healthy. However, there are many common foods and plants that can be highly toxic to them. Some can cause mild stomach upsets, while others can lead to serious health complications or even be fatal. Knowing what to avoid is essential for keeping your pet out of harm’s way.

Toxic Foods for Dogs and Cats

1. Chocolate

One of the most well-known toxic foods for dogs, chocolate contains theobromine and caffeine, which can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, tremors, seizures, and even heart failure. Dark chocolate and cocoa powder are the most dangerous, but all types should be avoided. While cats are less likely to eat chocolate, it is just as toxic for them.

2. Grapes and Raisins

Even a small amount of grapes or raisins can cause kidney failure in dogs. Symptoms may include vomiting, lethargy, and loss of appetite. While the effects on cats are less documented, it’s best to keep these fruits well out of reach.

3. Onions, Garlic, and Chives

These ingredients, whether raw, cooked, or powdered, can cause serious damage to red blood cells, leading to anaemia in both dogs and cats. Symptoms can take a few days to appear and include weakness, breathlessness, and pale gums.

4. Xylitol (Artificial Sweetener)

Found in sugar-free gum, sweets, peanut butter, and some baked goods, xylitol can cause a rapid drop in blood sugar levels, leading to seizures and liver failure in dogs. It’s not as toxic to cats, but it’s still best avoided.

Xylitol is also known as birch sugar, wood sugar and E967

5. Alcohol and Caffeine

Even small amounts of alcohol can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and central nervous system depression in pets. Caffeine, found in coffee, tea, and energy drinks, can be equally harmful, causing restlessness, heart palpitations, and tremors.

6. Avocado

Avocado contains persin, which can be toxic to some animals. While dogs may only experience mild stomach upsets, cats can be more sensitive, leading to vomiting and diarrhoea.

7. Nuts (Especially Macadamia Nuts)

Macadamia nuts are highly toxic to dogs, causing weakness, tremors, and vomiting. Other nuts, while not as toxic, can be difficult to digest and pose a choking hazard.

8. Dairy Products

Many dogs and cats are lactose intolerant, meaning dairy products like milk, cheese, and ice cream can cause digestive issues such as diarrhoea and bloating.

9. Bones and Fat Trimmings

Cooked bones can splinter and cause choking or digestive blockages, while fat trimmings can lead to pancreatitis. Stick to safe, vet-approved treats instead.

Toxic Plants for Dogs and Cats

1. Lilies (Highly Toxic to Cats)

Even a small amount of lily pollen, leaves, or water from a vase can cause fatal kidney failure in cats. If you have a cat, it’s safest to keep lilies out of your home completely.

2. Daffodils

Daffodils contain toxic alkaloids that can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and heart issues in both dogs and cats. The bulbs are especially dangerous if ingested.

3. Tulips and Hyacinths

The bulbs of these plants contain toxins that can cause drooling, nausea, and difficulty breathing in pets. Keep them well out of reach, especially if your pet likes to dig in the garden.

4. Aloe Vera

While great for humans, aloe vera can cause vomiting, diarrhoea, and lethargy in pets if ingested.

5. Sago Palm

This ornamental plant is extremely toxic to both dogs and cats. Even a small amount can cause liver failure, seizures, and death.

6. Foxglove

A beautiful but deadly plant, foxglove contains toxins that can cause heart issues, tremors, and vomiting in pets.

7. Ivy

Certain types of ivy, particularly English ivy, can cause vomiting, drooling, and skin irritation in dogs and cats.

8. Azaleas and Rhododendrons

These flowering plants contain toxins that can cause weakness, vomiting, and heart problems in pets if ingested.

What to Do If Your Pet Eats Something Toxic

If you suspect your dog or cat has ingested something poisonous, act quickly:

• Contact your vet immediately – Time is critical when dealing with toxins.
• Do not try to make them vomit unless advised by a vet – Some substances can cause more harm if brought back up.
• Keep a list of emergency contacts – Have your vet’s number saved, as well as the details for a 24-hour emergency vet clinic.

Keeping Your Pets Safe

The best way to protect your pet is through prevention. Keep toxic foods and plants out of reach, be mindful of what you bring into your home, and always supervise your pet when they are exploring new environments.

If you’re ever unsure about whether something is safe for your pet, it’s always best to check with your vet. A little caution goes a long way in keeping your pet happy and healthy!